1.英语的5大基本句型种类

2.英语中最基本的五种句子结构是什么?

英语句子5大基本结构_英语句子5种基本结构

英语五种基本句型列式如下:

基本句型一: S+V (主+谓)

基本句型二: S+V+P (主+谓+表)

基本句型三: S+V+O (主+谓+宾)

基本句型四: S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

基本句型五: S+V+O+C (主+谓+宾+宾补 )

望采纳~谢谢

英语的5大基本句型种类

英语语法看上去很复杂,很多句型要记,但其实只要深入研究,就会发现其实也不过是围绕这五个基本句子来展开,分别是:

S十V主谓结构?

S十V十p主系表结构?

S十V十O主谓宾结构?

S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构?

S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构?

说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语?

五个基本句式详细解释如下:?

1.S十V句式?

在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:?

He runs quickly.?

他跑得快。?

They listened carefully.?

他们听得很仔细。?

He suffered from cold and hunger.?

他挨冻受饿。?

China belongs to the third world country.?

中国属于第三世界国家。?

The gas has given out.?

煤气用完了。?

My ink has run out.?

我的钢笔水用完了。?

2.S十V十P句式?

在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如:?

He is older than he looks.?

他比看上去要老。?

He seen interested in the book.?

他似乎对这本书感兴趣。?

The story sounds interesting.?

这个故事听起来有趣。?

The desk feels hard.?

书桌摸起来很硬。?

The cake tastes nice.?

饼尝起来很香。?

The flowers smell sweet and nicc.?

花闻起来香甜。?

You have grown taller than before.?

你长得比以前高了。?

He has suddenly fallen ill.?

他突然病倒了。?

He stood quite still.?

他静静地站看。?

He becomes a teacher when he grew up.?

他长大后当了教师。?

He could never turn traitor to his country.?

他永远不会背叛他的祖国。?

注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如:?

He looked me up and down.?

他上下打量我。?

He reached his hand to feel the elephant.?

他伸出手来摸象。?

They are tasting the fish.?

他们在品尝鱼。?

They grow rice in their home town.?

他们在家乡种水稻。?

He‘s got a chair to sit on.?

他有椅子坐。?

Please turn the sentence into English.?

请把这个句于泽成英语。?

3.S十V十O句式?

在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如:?

I saw a film yesterday.?

我昨天看了一部**。?

Have you read the story?

你读过这个故事吗?

They found their home easily.?

他们很容易找到他们的家。?

They built a house last year.?

他们去年建了一所房子。?

They‘ve put up a factory in the village.?

他们在村里建了一座工厂。?

They have taken good care of the children.?

这些孩子他们照看得很好。?

You should look after your children well.?

你应该好好照看你的孩子。?

4.S十V十O1十O2句式?

在此句式中,V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。例如:?

He gave me a book/a book to me.?

他给我一本书。?

He brought me a pen/a pen to me.?

他带给我一枝钢笔。?

He offered me his seat/his seat to me.?

他把座位让给我。?

注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:?

Mother bought me a book/a book for me.?

妈妈给我买了一本书。?

He got me a chair/a chair for me.?

他给我弄了一把椅子。?

Please do me a favor/a favor for me.?

请帮我一下。?

He asked me a question/a question of me.?

他问我个问题。?

注意,下边动词只有一种说法:?

They robbed the old man of his money.?

他们抢了老人的钱。?

He‘s warned me of the danger.?

他警告我注意危险。?

The doctor has cured him of his disease.?

医生治好了他的病。?

We must rid the house of th erats.?

我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。?

They deprived him of his right to speak.?

他们剥夺了他说话的权利。?

5.S十V十O十C句式?

在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。?

常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。?

They made the girl angry.?

他们使这个女孩生气了。?

They found her happy that day.?

他们发现那天她很高兴。?

I found him out.?

我发现他出去了。?

I saw him in.?

我见他在家。?

They saw a foot mark in the sand.?

他们发现沙地上有脚印。?

They named the boy Charlie.?

他们给这个男孩起名为查理。?

I saw him come in and go out.?

我见他进来又出去。?

They felt the car moving fast.?

他们感到汽车行驶得很快。?

I heard the glass broken just now.?

我刚才听到玻璃碎了。?

He found the doctor of study closed to him.?

他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。

英语中最基本的五种句子结构是什么?

五大基本句型英语包括:主系表句型、主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主谓宾补结构以及主谓+直接宾语+间接宾语的结构。

1、主语+系动词+表语

主系表结构是指英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。

例句有:The bus stop is just across the road.公交车停在路对面。

2、主语+谓语

主谓结构,指由一个或者若干个主语,加上一个或若干个谓语,所组成的句式。主谓句由表示陈述和被陈述关系的2个成分组成,表示被陈述对象是主语 ,主谓短语作谓语的句子叫主谓谓语句。

例句有:We would like some water.我们想要一些水。

3、主语+谓语+宾语

主谓宾,一种文法的表达方式。语法顺序为主语-谓语-宾语的结构。其主要内容是表示简单的句子,在英语中很常见。

例句有:I play basketball 我玩篮球。

4、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

直接宾语是及物动词的对象,有些动词除了直接宾语外,还需要有一个间接宾语,间接宾语语动作是对谁做的,所以只能用名词或代词来充当。

例句有:Mum bought my sister a present. 妈妈给我妹妹买了一份礼物。

5、主语+谓语+宾语+补语.

例句:We should make our country beautiful. 我们应该让我们的城市漂亮。

S+V是主谓

S+V+DO 是主谓加双宾

S+V+P是主谓宾

S(主语)+V(谓语)+ I(间接宾语)+D(直接宾语)

S(主语)+V(动词)+O (宾语)+Complement(补语)

下面是讲解

1. Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有:appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如:

The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。

2. Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)

这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:

(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如:

Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。

We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。

This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。

The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。

(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:

Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。

The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。

3. Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)

这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如:

You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。

Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。

She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。

I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页。

4. Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)

这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”。如:

Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。

这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型:1)动词 + 宾语 + for sb.; 2)动词 + 宾语+to sb.。如:

Please show me your picture.

-Please show your picture to me.

请把你的画给我看一下。

I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don?t lose heart.

—I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.

只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会的。

5. Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)

这种句型中的宾语+ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如:

Keep the children quiet, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。

He painted the wall white. 他把墙漆成白色。

We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。

His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。如:

The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。