句子结构所有术语的英文表达形式_英语句子结构类型 英语表达
1.请举例说明什么是单词的语法概念术语.
2.在英文写作中,有哪些常见的术语需要特别注意?
3.帮忙分析下这几个句子的结构!
这是特殊疑问句的强调句式(语法术语称为“分裂句”)。
强调结构是:it is ... that...
被强调的成份是:疑问副词Why(作原因状语)
如果不强调,则是:
Why are a considerable number of colleagues at odds with you?
(为什么很多同事和你意见不合?)
另,
a considerable number of 数目可观的;大量的
be at odds with sb. 和某人关系不好
请举例说明什么是单词的语法概念术语.
是强调句句型。不是一般的系表结构。
强调句型:“It is(was)+被强调的部分(可以是主语。时间状语。地点状语。宾语。。等等。但不能是谓语动词)+that(who)+原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿:
It was on Monday night that all this hened.所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
It's me who he blamed.他怪的是我。
你问的这句话的主句是
it wasn't until the discovery of the reaction principle that rocket technology was able to develop
是 直到反应规则被发现,火箭科技才能发展(具体单词可能翻的不准,因为我不太了解航空术语。呵呵。不过主要是告诉你语法)。这里还有个句型,是NOT..UNTIL。。 含义是 直到。。才。。
which was the key to space trel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thoug是定语从句,修饰名词词组the discovery of the reaction principle
在英文写作中,有哪些常见的术语需要特别注意?
一、 一般现在时
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况. 2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays, 3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式) 4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词. 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词. 6.例句:It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪. He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人.
二、 一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为. 2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+动词或be的过去时+名词 4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词. 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词. 6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们.
三、 一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、或准备做某事. 2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其它;主语+will/shall + do+其它 4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其它 5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首. 6.例句: It is going to rain.天要下雨了.
四、 一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中. 2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它 4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首. 6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京.
五、 现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为. 2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它 4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首. 6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?
六、 过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作. 2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等. 3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其它 4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首.(第一个字母大写) 6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在部队工作.
七、 将来进行时
1.概念:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作.常用来表示询问、请求等. 2.时间状语:Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本结构:主语+shall/will + be +现在分词+其它 4.否定形式:主语+shall/will + not + be +现在分词+其它 5.例句:He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了.
八、 过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”. 2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它 5.一般疑问句:had放于句首. 6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,火车已经开走了.
二、被动语态
英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多,要普遍,许多课本及考试乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题.一般说来,当强调动作承受者,不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时,多用被动式.须注意的是,许多地方与汉语不同.注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思,英语却应该用被动态.还要注意,英语的被动态往往由"by"引出,而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态,而是系表结构.还有些特殊现象,如:known to man(人类.所知),on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot),in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等.还有主动,真被动的十几个常用词的用法,以及so hey to carry而不用so hey to be carried 等习惯用法.有关这类情况,做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态,en211 准确解答习题非常关键,被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题.英语的时态本来很复杂,怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确"将来进行无被动,现在完成进行同".这两种时态无被动形式. 另外,不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词,反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式.即便如此,还有不定式,动名词,分词,以及它们的复合结构)的被动态,再加上情态动词,助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂,真是令人头痛,眼花缭乱.下面口诀就以动词do为例,即do did过去式done过去分词,以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态,一定对你有所启示. 被动语态的句子通常是以Be-Passive(即"be+过去分词")的形式来表达,但也可以Get-Passive(即"get+过去分词")的形式来表达,例如:He got punished today.著名学者周海中教授在论文《Get-Passive研究》中指出:Get-Passive是一种新兴的被动语态形式;相对来说它的使用还没有Be-Passive那么广泛,一般限于口语和非正式书面语;但它却有着用得愈来愈多的趋势,是一种生气蓬勃的语言现象. 如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时,句子后面需接by~,译为“被(由)……”. 1 被动语态的句型 肯定句:主语+be +过去分词+(by~). 否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by~). 一般疑问句:Be +主语+过去分词+(by~)? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+(by~)? 被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变. 一、 被动语态的用法: 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / he + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites he been sent up into space by many countries. 6.过去进行时的被动语态构成:was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital. The new road was being made. 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成:had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. The tickets had been sold out berore I came to the cinema. 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成:shall/will + he done They will he been married for 20 years by then. The project will he been completed before May. 9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤: 1. 先找出谓语动词; 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语; 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语; 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化. 例:1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels he been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you lee.→the door must be locked when you lee. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题: 1. 不及物动词无被动语态. What will hen in 100 years. The dinosaurs diseared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义. This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to . 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do hey work.→The little boy was made to do hey work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定. He ge me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词. We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
帮忙分析下这几个句子的结构!
在英文写作中,有许多常见的术语需要特别注意。以下是一些主要的术语:
1.词汇选择:在写作中,选择正确的词汇是非常重要的。你需要确保你的词汇既准确又恰当。例如,如果你正在写一篇关于环境的文章,你可能需要使用“环保”(environmentalprotection)而不是“环境保护”(environmentalconservation)。
2.语法和拼写:语法和拼写错误会严重影响你的写作质量。你需要确保你的语法正确,拼写无误。例如,你可能需要注意动词的时态(past,present,future),名词的单复数(singular,plural),以及形容词和副词的使用(comparative,superlative)。
3.句子结构:你的句子结构应该清晰,易于理解。你需要确保你的句子有明确的主语和谓语,以及适当的连接词来连接各个部分。例如,你可能需要注意使用并列连词(and,but,or)或者从属连词(because,although,if)。
4.修辞手法:在写作中,你可以使用各种修辞手法来增强你的表达效果。例如,你可以使用比喻(simile)来比较两个不同的事物,或者使用反问(rhetoricalquestion)来引导读者思考。
5.段落结构:你的段落应该有清晰的结构,包括主题句(topicsentence),支持句(supportingsentence),以及结论句(concludingsentence)。这可以帮助读者更好地理解你的观点。
6.引用和参考:如果你在写作中引用了其他人的观点或者研究,你需要正确地引用和参考。这不仅可以避免抄袭的问题,也可以让读者知道你的信息来源。
7.文化敏感性:在写作中,你需要考虑到不同文化背景的读者。你需要避免使用可能引起误解或者冒犯的语言和表达。
总的来说,英文写作需要你具备扎实的词汇,语法和拼写基础,以及良好的逻辑思维能力。只有这样,你才能写出高质量的英文文章。
1、known后置定语,修饰 words expressions 、 phrases
adj.知道的;知名的;已知的
句意:别用专业人士才知道的词汇和短语(言下之意你要来点非专业的)
2、The first book 主语
written for teaching English as a foreign language 分词短语做定语,解释是个什么样的书
came out 谓语动词
in the 16th century时间状语
句意:第一本将英语作为一门外语来教授的书出现在16世纪。
3、hearing loud knocks at the door分词短语做状语,表明主语的动作发生的时间
Sam 主语
got dressed and open it两个谓语动词
to find who it was目的状语
句意:听见敲门声,山姆穿上衣服开门看看是谁。
4、Founded in 1636.
在1636年被发现。或者在1636年创办。
是不是谓语要放在句子里面看,它有可能是谓语动词,也有可能仅仅是过去分词短语做定语,这个要具体分析。
希望对你有帮助,祝你顺利
声明:本站所有文章资源内容,如无特殊说明或标注,均为采集网络资源。如若本站内容侵犯了原著者的合法权益,可联系本站删除。