独立主格结构是简单句吗_独立主格结构是一个独立的句子吗

1.什么是独立主格结构？

2.英语独立主格结构

3.独立主格结构到底是什么意思啊？

一、什么是独立主格结构

所谓独立主格结构就是一个与句子相对独立的带有逻辑主语的结构。

由于这个逻辑主语与它所支配的行为状态表达的是主要句子的另一层独立的意思，加之要用代词和名词的主格形式（现代英语中名词的主格与宾格是一致的）表示，因此这种逻辑主语就称作独立主格。逻辑主语加上它所支配的行为状态就构成了一种语法结构，这种语法结构称为独立主格结构。如下列例句中的括号部分：

* (Everyone being ready), the teacher began his class. 每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。

独立主格（即逻辑主语）：Everyone

独立主格的行为状态：being ready

起到的作用：表示 the teacher began his class 发生的时间

* (It being National Day today)，the streets are very crowded. 由于今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。

独立主格：It

独立主格的行为状态：being National Day today

起到的作用：表示 the streets are very crowded 的原因

The manager looks relaxed, (many things settled). 由于许多事情已经处理好了，经理看上去很轻松。

独立主格：many things

独立主格的行为状态：settled

起到的作用：表示 The manager looks relaxed 的原因

二、独立主格结构的构成

独立主格由两部分组成——

1、逻辑主语（即独立主格）：由代词的主格或名词充当独立主格

2、叙述语：用来陈述逻辑主语的行为状态。

其中叙述语是独立主格的重点。

三、能够构成独立主格结构中叙述语的词语

1、现在分词（-ing 非谓语动词）

——用作时间状语

The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated. 每个人坐好后，开始开会。（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated）

——用作原因状语

Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him）

——用作条件状语

Time permitting, we will he a picnic next week. 时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。（相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)

My health allowing, I will work far into the night. 我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows）

——用作伴随方式的状语

The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. 男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）

2、过去分词（-ed非谓语动词）

* The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. 该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂（原因状语 ， = As the book was written in simple English，English beginners were able to read i）

* He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。（方式状语，= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard. ）

* The task completed, he had two months' lee. 任务完成以后，他休了两个月的（时间状语。=When the task had been completed,he had two months' lee. ）

3、不定式（to do）

* I send you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year. 现寄给你100美元，其余部分将在一年以后再寄。（方式状语，= I send you 100 dollars today, and the rest is to follow in a year.）

* The manager looks worried，many things to be settled. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。（原因状语，= The manager looks worried because many things will be settled）

.

4、形容词短语

* He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。（= He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy.）

* He stood there, his mouth wide open. 他站在那里，嘴张得大大的。（= He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.）

5、小品副词 .

* School over, we all went home. 放学了，我们都回家了。（= School was over, and we all went home.）

* He sat at his desk, his shoes off. 他坐在课桌旁，没穿鞋子。（ = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.）

6、介词短语

* He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. 他站在黑板面前，背对着我们。（ = He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us.）

* The new teacher came in, a smile on her face. 新老师面带微笑走了进来。（ = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.）

* The teacher came into the classroom，a rule in his hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着一把直尺。（ = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.）

什么是独立主格结构？

什么叫独立主格结构如下：

独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）是一种英语句式，由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

在英语中，谓语只能是动词，不是谓语的动词全部改成非谓语动词。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。

非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。

请看下面一道题：

Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.

A.itsB.whoseC.whichD.that

分析：此题很容易误选B，许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句，whose在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner。此分析从表面上看，似乎天衣无缝，但实质上是错的，原因是空格后根本不是一个句子，因为没有谓语。

尽管句中有两个动词，但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为，其中的seated可视为谓语动词，但是注意，seat用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语。

要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在seated前加上助动词was，则可以选择B（当然若将seated改为sitting，也应选择A）。所以此题最佳答案选A。

英语独立主格结构

独立主格结构和主语没有句法上的联系，但是与句子意思存在紧密联系;独立主格结构没有谓语动词，相当于一个短语，不能单独构成句子，它是一个独立于句子之外，但又能表达一个句子意思的独特结构。常常要用句号隔开。

独立主格结构到底是什么意思啊？

非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。

一、非谓语动词独立主格结构

在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。

Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.

有这么能干的人来帮你,你迟早一定会成功的。（such an able man和to help you之间存在着主谓关系）

= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.

He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.

他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）

= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.

The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.

由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（lost的逻辑主语是the key，lost也可以用完成式hing been lost）

= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.

A.不定式“独立主格结构”

在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。

独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

在英语中，动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类，一类是谓语动词，另一类是非谓语动词。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。

扩展资料：

用法：

独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。

1用作时间状语

The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我们就回家了。

2用作条件状语

Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

3用作原因状语

An important lecture to be given tomorrow(=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。

4用作伴随状语

He was lying on the grass,his hands crossed under his head(=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，将两手交叉枕在脑后。

5用作补充说明

We redoubled our efforts,each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。

*注：独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。

参考资料：