各种句型的英文翻译_各种句子的英文表达形式
1.英语各种语法的英文名称,例如名词性从句怎么说?
2.英语中的被动语句表达形式
3.英语句子成分划分用什么符号(如___,~~~,≡等)
4.请用我给出的句子翻译成英文的形式,尽量要简单易读,我们的英语差的不是一点点
5.帮我解读,完全解读一下,这个句子,英语哦!只会翻译的别来啊
6.英文句子翻译技巧
句子的成分
在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语等
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如:
1. Comrade Chen is a well-known scientist.
陈同志是著名的科学家。(名词作主语)
2. He reads newspapers every day .
他每天读报。(代词作主语)
3. Smoking is harmful to the health .
吸烟对健康有害。(动名词作主语)
4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure .
在昆明湖里游泳是非常愉快的事。(不定式作主语)
5. What we shall do next is not yet decided .
下一步我们做什么还没定下来。(主语从句作主语)
(二)谓语
说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers .
(系动词和表语一起作谓语)
We study hard . (行为动词作谓语)
We he finished reading the book.
(助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)
He can speak English .
(情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)
(三)宾语
宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now. (名词作宾语)
She said (that)she felt sick. (宾语从句做动词宾语)
We often help him. (代词作宾语)
He likes to play basketball.
他喜欢打篮球。(不定式作宾语)
We enjoy listening to the music.
我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语)
说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外,动词不定式可做动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用做动词宾语。
说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语,宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象。直接宾语指物。间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟,如:give , show (给…看),bring , pass , buy 等。如:
1. Our teacher told us a story .
(us为间接宾语)a story为直接宾语。
2. The sun gives us light and warmth.
(us为间接宾语,light and warmth为直接宾语)
3. We sent him a telegram.
我们给他打了电报。
(him为间接宾语,a telegram为直接宾语)
间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后。在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。在这种情况下,
间接宾语前加“to”的有:
give , show , send , bring , read , pass , lend , lee (留给), hand (交给), tell , return , write , throw (仍)promise(答应)refuse(拒绝)等。
for的有:make , buy , do , get , play (演奏),order (命令),sing , pay (为…交钱)
例如:
(1)I ge him a book.
改成:I ge a book to him.
(2)He passed me the book. (他将书递给我)
改成:He passed the book to me.
(3)He wrote me a letter.
改成:He wrote a letter to me.
(4)He will buy me some books.
改成:He will buy some books for me.
(5)She made me a cake.
改成:She made a cake to me.
( 四)宾语补足语:
在某些及物动词后面,需要用一个宾语再加一个宾语的补语才能表达完整的意思。在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式,分词等可用做宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
如:They made her hy . (形容词)
I saw her dance. (不定式)
We’ll help make the Olympics a success. (名词)
Please let him in . (副词)
We heard her singing a song. (分词短语)
(五)表语:
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词,不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
如:I am a teacher . (名词)
He is always hy. (形容词)
They are on the playground now. (介词短语)
It gets cold. (形容词)
系动词除了有am , is , are 还有get(变得),sound(听起来),seem(看起来)feel等特殊的词。
如:It sounds interesting. (sound为系动词,interesting为表语)
(六)定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如:The black bike is mine. (形容词)
这辆黑色的自行车是我的。
What’s your name ? (代词)
They made paper flowers. (名词)
说明1:当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语
如:I tell him something interesting .
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。
(形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)
He has something to do .
他有一些事情去做(to do 为不定式作后置定语)
说明2:短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如:The boys in the room are in Class Four.
这间屋子里的男孩子们是4班的。
in the room 是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。
(七)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。
如:He did it carefully . (副词)
We often help him. (副词)
Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday . (介词短语)
When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher . (从句作时间状语
英语各种语法的英文名称,例如名词性从句怎么说?
在英文中,有些英文句子并不单只是表面上的意思。例如“See where I’m ing from?”可不是指问对方自己从哪里来的!I see!也不是指看见了什么,而是指我明白了!
Let’s talk 的英文老师整理出了 9 组常见英文语句,它们可能都有其他含义。学会之后不但能让你的对话更加生动,也不用怕搞错罗。
1. You don’t want to do that!在现实生活中,若想劝阻某人去做某事,会使用这句话,这句话表达的意思是“You shouldn’t do it!”
2. He can’t help himself无法抗拒、无法自拔之意。
3. Shut up!有时候,说这句话不是真的要对方住口,可能是表达惊讶、兴奋或不敢置信等情绪。
4. I see!
我懂了/我明白了
5. See where I’m ing from?这可不是在问对方自己从哪儿来,真正的意思是「你知道我为什么会这么说吗?」
ex. A: I am an Indian and I don’t like racial slurs, do you know where I’m ing from? B: Yes sir, I understand where you are ing from.
6. You may want to…给对方一些权限做一些事情,和“You should…”比起来,这比较像是柔性、礼貌的建议。
ex. You may want to eat some sandwiches.
7. Tell me about it!意味着「是!我知道你在说什么,因为我也有同样的经历!」
ex. You: “My little sister is real nightmare, she constantly makes demands to our mom and cries if she doesn’t get what she wants!” Your friend: “Tell me about it! I can pletely relate to that because I also he a little sister who’s behing that way!”
8. It doesn’t hurt to…这并不是表示不会伤害到什么,而是指做这件事是对你有益的,所以值得去做。
ex.It doesn’t hurt to ask.
9. How do you find this…?除了字面上的意思外,这句话有另外一种解读「你怎么看待这个?」
来源:geralt
How, i see, it doesn't hurt to, See where I’m ing from?, Tell me about it, 我明白了 英文, 无法自拔 英文, 英文 双关, 英文 双关语, 英文 双关语意英语中的被动语句表达形式
英语各种语法的英文名称,例如名词性从句怎么说?请帮忙
是各种语法术语的英文名称,那多去了。可以是一本小册子。
名词性从句:Noun Clauses.
语法 grammar
句法 syntax
词法 morphology
结构 structure
层次 rank
句子 sentence
从句 clause
片语 phrase
词类 part of speech
单词 word
实词 notional word
虚词 structural word
单纯词simple word
派生词derivative
复合词pound
词性part of speech
名词 noun
专有名词 proper noun
普通名词 mon noun
可数名词 countable noun
不可数名词 uncountable noun
抽象名词 abstract noun
具体名词 concret noun
物质名词 material noun
集体名词 collective noun
个体名词 individual noun
介词 preposition
连词 conjunction
动词 verb
主动词 main verb
及物动词 transitive verb
不及物动词 intransitive verb
系动词 link verb
助动词 auxiliary verb
情态动词 modal verb
规则动词 regular verb
不规则动词 irregular verb
短语动词 phrasal verb
限定动词 finite verb
非限定动词 infinite verb
使役动词 causative verb
感官动词 verb of senses
动态动词 event verb
静态动词 state verb
感叹词 exclamation
形容词 adjective
副词 adverb
方式副词 adverb of manner
程度副词 adverb of degree
时间副词 adverb of time
地点副词 adverb of place
修饰性副词 adjunct
连线性副词 conjunct
疑问副词 interogative adverb
关系副词 relative adverb
代词 pronoun
人称代词 personal pronoun
物主代词 possesive pronoun
反身代词 reflexive pronoun
相互代词 reciprocal pronoun
指示代词 demonstrative pronoun
疑问代词 interrogative pronoun
关系代词 relative pronoun
不定代词 indefinite pronoun
物主代词 possecive pronoun
名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun
形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun
冠词 article
定冠词 definite article
不定冠词 indefinite article
数词 numeral
基数词 cardinal numeral
序数词 ordinal numeral
分数词 fractional numeral
形式 form
单数形式 singular form
复数形式 plural form
限定动词 finite verb form
非限定动词 non-finite verb form
原形 base form
从句 clause
从属句 subordinate clause
并列句 coordinate clause
名词从句 nominal clause
定语从句 attributive clause
状语从句 adverbial clause
宾语从句 object clause
主语从句 subject clause
同位语从句 ositive clause
时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time
地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place
方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner
让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession
原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause
结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result
目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose
条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition
真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition
非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition
含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition
错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition
句子 sentence
简单句 simple sentence
并列句 pound sentence
复合句 plex sentence
并列复合句 pound plex sentence
陈述句 declarative sentence
疑问句 interrogative sentence
一般疑问句 general question
特殊疑问句 special question
选择疑问句 alternative question
附加疑问句 tag question
反义疑问句 disjunctive question
修辞疑问句 rhetorical question
感叹疑问句 exclamatory question
存在句 existential sentence
肯定句 positive sentence
基本句型 basic sentence patern
否定句 negative sentence
祈使句 imperative sentence
省略句 elliptical sentence
感叹句 exclamatory sentence
句子成分 members of sentences
主语 subject
谓语 predicate
宾语 object
双宾语 dual object
直接宾语 direct object
间接宾语 indirect object
复合宾语 plex object
同源宾语 cognate object
补语 plement
主补 subject plement
宾补 object plement
表语 predicative
定语 attribute
同位语 ositive
状语 adverbial
句法关系 syntatic relationship
并列 coordinate
从属 subordination
修饰 modification
前置修饰 pre-modification
后置修饰 post-modification
限制 restriction
双重限制 double-restriction
非限制 non-restriction
数 number
单数形式 singular form
复数形式 plural form
规则形式 regular form
不规则形式 irregular form
格 case
普通格 mon case
所有格 possessive case
主格 nominative case
宾格 objective case
性 gender
阳性 masculine
阴性 feminine
通性 mon
中性 neuter
人称 person
第一人称 first person
第二人称 second person
第三人称 third person
时态 tense
过去将来时 past future tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense
过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense
一般现在时 present simple tense
一般过去时 past simple tense
一般将来时 future simple tense
现在完成时 past perfect tense
过去完成时 present perfect tense
将来完成时 future perfect tense
现在进行时 present continuous tense
过去进行时 past continuous tense
将来进行时 future continuous tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense
现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense
过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense
语态 voice
主动语态 active voice
被动语态 passive voice
语气 mood
陈述语气 indicative mood
祈使语气 imperative mood
虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
否定 negation
否定范围 scope of negation
全部否定 full negation
区域性否定 partial negation
转移否定 shift of negation
语序 order
自然语序 natural order
倒装语序 inversion
全部倒装 full inversion
部分倒装 partial inversion
直接引语 direct speech
间接引语 indirect speech
自由直接引语 free direct speech
自由间接引语 free indirect speech
一致 agreement
主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement
语法一致 grammatical agreement
概念一致 notional agreement
就近原则 principle of proximity
强调 emphasis
重复 repetition
语音 pronunciation
语调 tone
升调 rising tone
降调 falling tone
降升调 falling-rising tone
文体 style
正式文体 formal
非正式文体 informal
口语 spoken/oral English
套语 formulistic expression
英国英语 British English
美国英语 American English
用法 usage
感 *** 彩 emotional coloring
褒义 mendatory
贬义 derogatory
幽默 humorous
讽刺 sarcastic
挖苦 ironic
英语语法——名词性从句一、引导名词性从句的连线词
引导名词性从句的连线词可分为三类:
连词:that(无任何词意)
whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)
as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连线代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, whichever,whomever
连线副词:when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often
不可省略的连词:
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very hy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比较:
whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下,只可用whether:
1. whether引导主语从句并在句首
2. 引导表语从句
3. whether从句作介词宾语
4. 从句后有"or not"
Whether he will e is not clear.
大部分连线词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
学习不能指望技巧 题目不同切入点不同 建议系统学习一下
名词性从句 顾名思义做名词 包括
主语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 都很简单 去翻下书 或请教一下老师 问题不难解决
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词片语, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二. 主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连线代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连线副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连线作用;连线代词和连线副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连线作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如: What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下: (1) It + be + 名词 + that从句 (2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句 (3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 (4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有: It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
三、宾语从句
名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连线词that引导的宾语从句 由连线词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如: He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。 注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, mand, dou等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。例如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The mander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如: I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支援。 3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if: a. 引导主语从句并在句首时;b. 引导表语从句时;c . 引导从句作介词宾语时;d. 从句后有“or not”时;e. 后接动词不定式时。例如: Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 The question is whether she should he a low opinion of the test?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试? Everything depends on whether we he enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 I wonder whether he will e or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。 Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留? 4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用 不同时态。例如: I know (that) he studies English every day. (从句用一般现在时) I know (that) he studied English last term. (从句用一般过去时) I know (that) he will study English next year. (从句用一般将来时) I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时) 当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如: The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America. 5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如: We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
四、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如: The fact is that we he lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。 That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 That is why he didn’t e to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如: The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning . 注意whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
五、同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、dou、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如: The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的讯息令人激动。 I he no idea when he will e back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
英语名词性从句的语法知识?你这个问题太宽泛。只能选择部分回答。
有时因意思表达的需要,要用一个从句在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语,称为名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)。名词性从句作为一个整体,本身在整个句子中起一个名词的作用;同时既是从句,就从句内来说,也有主、谓成份。当然,从句要有引导词。
引导词的基本含义及用法
对于引导词要注意两点:a. 本身所含的意思,b. 其在从句中所充当的句子成分。据此,可以分成几类(这是我自己的办法,要比别的办法管用)
①that
②whether/if, because, as if/though
③when, how, where, why, whenever, wherever, however
④what, which, who, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
⑤what, whatever, which, whichever, whose
1.That 既无意义,也不在句子中担任成分。
可以说只是一个“标志”,标明所跟的是一个从句而已。
That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.
2.Whether/if, because, as if 本身有意义,但在从句中不担任成分。
Whether/if --“是否”;because—“因为”;as if—“似乎”
She hesitated whether she should take our advice.
All this was over enty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.
It is because you don’t he confidence.
3.When, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 本身有意义,且在从句中担任状语。
When--“。。。的时间”或“何时”;whenever—“无论何时”,作时间状语
Where—“。。。的地点”或“何地”;wherever—“无论何地”,作地点状语。
Why--“。。。的原因”或“为什么”,作原因状语。
How--“。。。的方式”或“怎样”;however—“无论怎样”,作方式状语。
When we shall he our sports meet is still a question.
This is where our basic interest lies.
I don’t know why he is absent.
How the prisoner escaped was a plete mystery.
4.What, which, who, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever本身有意义,且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
What—“。。。的(东西、事情。。。)”或“什么”,whatever—“无论什么”,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
Which—“哪一个/些”,whichever—“无论哪一个/些”,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
Who—“谁”,whoever—“无论谁”,在从句中作主语、表语,有时也可代whom,whomever作宾语。
Whom—“谁”,whomever“无论谁”(罕用),在从句中作宾语。
She is sorry for what she said. (她所说的话)(what无疑问含义)
I don’t know what will hen next. (将发生什么事)(what有疑问含义)
I don't know which of us was the more scared. (我们中的哪一个更害怕)
They never found out who the murderer was. (谋杀者是谁)
He asked whom I'd told about his hing been away. (关于他外出我告诉了谁)
He's good at whatever he is does. (他做无论什么事)
5.What, whatever, which, whichever, whose本身有意义,且在从句中作定语
What—“什么(样的)”,whatever— “无论什么(样的)。作定语。
Which—“哪个/些”,whichever—“无论哪个/些”。作定语。
Whose—“谁的”,在从句中作定语。
I wanted to know which school it was you went to. (那个学校)
I didn't know what college I wanted to go to. (什么大学)
I can't remember whose idea it was for us to meet again. (谁的主意)
Whatever dous he might he had about Ingrid were all over now. (无论什么怀疑)
Learn to relax by whichever method suits you best. (无论什么方法)
名词性从句语法起名词作用 的从句叫作名词性从句 引导名词性从句的连线词有三种
1连线词that.它在名从中只起连线作用,并且本身没有意思。在名从中不能充当句子成分
2连线词if,whether 也是只起连线作用,但有是否的意思,也不能充当句子成分。
3.连线代词what,which,who等和连线副词where,when,how等 代词在名从中作主语或宾语,表语,定语。连线副词在宾从中作状语个别除状语外可做表语[when,how]
在做题时 首先分析从句的句子结构。如句子完整,意思完整就用that。
句子完整意思不完整 则考虑用if或用连线副词
句子不完整 缺主语 或者缺宾语就一定要用连线代词。
另外注意that 在定语从句中叫作关系代词 在定从中起代词作用。不要搞混了。
名词性从句 可充当主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 和同位语从句 先分别举例如下
主语从句
what you did made me angry.
what you said made me hy.
it is true that he will e tomorrow.
it is said that a building will be built.
why he was late was that he he didn't catch the bus.
whether he will e is unknown.
表语从句
our trouble is where we can get money.
my difficulty is how I can finish the work.
Beijing isn't what it used to be.
the book is what you are looking for.
宾语从句
I don't know whom she likes.
I don't know who will e.
I don't know which book is yours.
同位语从句
the news that he has died is true.
I he no idea where he has gone.
the fact that he works hard is well known.
he made a promise that he would buy a car for me.
试竞成英语名词性从句语法填空I. 1-4 ACAC 5-8 BCBA
II. 1. dentist 2. Inter 3. teeth 4. brush 5. better
III. 1. take care of yourself 2.lie down 3. day and night 4. feel like
IV. well , matter, take, how, less
高中英语语法 的名词性从句名词性从句
名词性从句就是在句子中充当名词功能的以相关从属连词引导的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
1.主语从句:以连词 that what whom whose what which whoever whatever whichever where when how why 引导,在句子中充当主语。
例:What she said is not yet known.
How this hened is not clear to anyone.
Whoever es is wele.
That she will do well is her exam is certain.(It is certain that she will do well in her exam.)
注:it 为形式主语,
2.宾语从句:以连词 that who whom whose what 等引导,在句子中充当宾语。
例:He told us that he felt ill.
Everybody knows what hened.
I dou whether he will sueed.
I wonder what he is writing about.
3.表语从句:以 that whether who whom whoever when where when 等引导,在句子中充当表语。
例:The trouble is that I lost his address.
The question is whether they will be able to help us.
That was what she did this morning.
This is why we puts off the sports meeting.
4.同位语从句:同位语从句有自己的先行词,它跟定语从句很相似,先行词包含从句中所含内容,从句不起修饰作用。我们将在学习定语从句时,在加以详细比较,多用在连词what 引导。(不用which,此外还可用whether who where 等也可以引导。在这章中我们着重学习that whether 引导的同位语从句,引导同位语从句的先行词常用的有:fact news idea whether reply promise truth report remark 等。
例:I heard the news that the Chinese football team defeated the Japanese team
last night.
I he no idea whether he will e or not.
They were all much worried over the fact that you were sick.
关于名词性从句的学习主要是我们应在学习中加以练习,在练习中反复学习,在多次重复学习和练习中加以掌握。
英语句子成分划分用什么符号(如___,~~~,≡等)
be+动词过去完成时
he/has been+动词过去完成时
will/would+动词过去完成时
请看以下详细介绍:
英语的时态(tense)j是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。
下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述,其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。
一、 一般现在时:
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
二、 一般过去时:
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词
4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 现在进行时:
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 过去进行时:
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing
4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 现在完成时:
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构:he/has + done
4.否定形式:he/has + not +d one.
5.一般疑问句:he或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.
It has been raining these days.
六、 过去完成时:
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:before, by ?the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本结构:had + done.
4.否定形式:had + not + done.
5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般将来时:
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.
4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to he a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 过去将来时:
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.
4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said ?he would ?go to Beijing ?the next day.
I asked ?who ? was ?going ?there .
几种常见时态的相互转换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:
一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go, come, lee, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
The train is leing soon.
The train will lee soon.
四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:
We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. ?
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
请用我给出的句子翻译成英文的形式,尽量要简单易读,我们的英语差的不是一点点
英语句子成分划分如下图:
句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语七种
主语是句子叙述的主体,跟汉语主语是一样的。
谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。
宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
扩展资料
依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态,语态,语气,凡由一个动词(或动词词组)构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如:
I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)
我喜欢步行。
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)
我昨晚做好了你的生日蛋糕。
It is used by trelers and business people all over the world. (一般现在时被动语态)
它被全世界旅行者和商业人员使用。
复合谓语也可分为两种情况:
1、第一种是由情态动词,助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语:
What does this word mean?
这个词是什么意思?
2、第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如:
You look the same.
你看起来一样。
帮我解读,完全解读一下,这个句子,英语哦!只会翻译的别来啊
a:老板,我要买一条红色的裙子,你有吗?
a:Sir,I want to buy a red skirt.Do you sell it ?
b:有的,请跟我来。
b:Yes, please come with me.
a:这一条多少钱呢?
a:How much is it?
B:20元,很便宜的。
B:Twenty yuan, it is very cheap.
a:太贵了,能不能少一点呢?
a:It is too expensive, can it be cheaper?
b:15元吧,我这可是进价了
b:Fif yuan, it is buying price.
a:好吧,如果质量有问题怎么办?
a:All ritgt,How to deal with the quality problem?
b:你可以带来换一条。
b: You can change a new one.
a:好的,成交。
a:Ok,deal.
b:(交货),欢迎下次再来光临。
b:(Delivery) Welcome next time.
a:再见。
a:Good-bye.
b:再见。
b:Bye.
英文句子翻译技巧
这是我第三次去北京了,that was the third time that i had been to beijing.
这是强调句,
强调句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调,从而起到修辞的作用。 英语常用的强调结构是"It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)..."。一般说来,被强调部分指人时,用who;指事物时用that,但that也可以指人。在美国英语中指事物时常用which来代替that。
常用句型
1. 陈述句的强调句型 It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。 例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 2. 一般疑问句的强调句型 同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。 例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型 被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分? 例子 When and where was it that you were born? 4.not … until … 句型的强调句 A. 句型为:It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分 普通句:He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. B. 注意: 此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。 5.谓语动词的强调 A. It is/ was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊! B. 注意: 此种强调只用do/ does和did,没有别的形式;过去时用did,后面的谓语动词用原形。
编辑本段强调形式
常见到的强调形式,共有以下七类: ⒈用do\does\did + V可表强调 Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace. ⒉adv或adj可表强调:Never \ only\ Very This is the very question that deserves careful analysis. ⒊双重否定可表强调 Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks. ⒋what引导的主从可表强调 What really matters is cooperation. ⒌倒装可表强调(凡是倒装都可以表示强调) Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem. ⒍比较状语从句可表强调 Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past. ⒎强调句型可表强调 It is \was +被强调部份+ that \ who +原句剩余部份 It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.
编辑本段语法结构
强调句的十种结构: 1.用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调: Do write to me when you get there.你到那儿后务必给我来信。 2.用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气: How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢? 3.用ever,never,very,just等副词和badly,highly,really等带有-l y的副词来进行强调: I really don’t know what to do next.我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。 4.用in the world,on earth,at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句): Where in the world could he be?他到底会在哪儿? 5.用感叹句来表示强烈的感情,突出说话人的情感: How interesting a story it is!这是一个多么有趣的故事啊! 6.用重复来表示强调: Why!why!The cage is empty!啊!啊!箱子是空的。 7.用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气: On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点) 8.用强调句型:“It is(was)+被强调的部分+that(who)+原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿: It was on Monday night that all this hened.所有这一切发生在周一晚上。 9.用If来表示强调: 1)If从句+I don’t know who/what,etc.does/is/has,etc. 主语部分也可以用nobody does/is/has,etc.或everybody does/is/has,et c.来代替(这里的if从句往往是正话反说,反话正说): If he can’t do it,I don’t know who can.要是他做不了这件事,我不知道还有谁能做。(强调只有他能做) If Jim is a coward,everybody is.要是吉姆是个胆小鬼,那么都是胆小鬼。(强调吉姆不是胆小鬼) 2)if从句+it be主句(此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形,即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面,把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中): If anyone knew the truth,it was Tom.如果说谁了解事实的真相,那便是汤姆。 10.用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调,加强语气: It’s because of hard work—ten years of hard work.那是因为艰苦的工作--十年艰苦的工作! He began the work in late May.他在五月底开始的这项工作。(强调时间)
编辑本段注意事项
that后的强调句如果是原因状语从句,从句只能用because引导,不能用since,as或why。 It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river。
以下浅谈英译汉的几点技巧。
第一,翻译时注意英文的句型,英文的句型一般来说有相应的中文译法。如It的句型的翻译:
(1)It is+名词十从句:
It is a fact that?事实是? It is a question that是个问题 It is good news that是好消息 it is common knowledge是常识
(2) It is+过去分词十从句:
It is said that?据说? It must be pointed out that?必须指出? It is asserted that?有人主张? It is supposed that?据推测? It is believed that?据信? It must be admitted that?必须承认? It is reported that?据报道? It will be seen from ii that?由此可见? It has been proved that?已证明? It is general1y considered that?人们普遍认为?
(3)It is+形容词十从句:
It is necessary that?有必要? It is likely that?很可能? It is clear that?很清楚? It is important that?重要的是?
(4) It+不及物动词十从句:
It follows that?由此可见?
It hens that?碰巧?
It turned out that?结果是?
第二,注意英语被动句的翻译。英文的被动句经常用汉语主动句表达,如:You are requested to give a performance
英文的被动句译成汉语的主动句:请你给我们表演一个节目。英文中被动意义也可以用汉语中含有主动意义的句子来表达。常译成“被”、“由”、“受”、
“为?所”等等。例如:What is feared as failure in American society is,above all,loneliness.(在美国社会中作为失败而为人们所恐惧的,莫过于孤独了。)
第三,注意长句的翻译。首先不要被长句吓住,即使是很长的句子,也是由最基本的成分组成。分析句子的基本成分,主语、谓语、宾语、状语。抓住主干部分,然后逐次分析各词意思以及相互间的逻辑、语法关系,再进行翻译。值得注意的是关系分句的翻译。关系分句主要功能是作名词(词组)的后置修饰语(即定语),但除作名词修饰语外,关系分句还可起其他作用,比如起状语分句和并列分句的作用,因此译成汉语时要注意,限定性关系分句翻译时因为英文置于名词后,汉语则将其置于先行项(antecedent)的前边,使其译成带有“的”字的定语句子,如:I want a wife who will work and send me to school.(我想要个既能工作又能送我上学的老婆)。有的句子过长,前置会显得累赘,或不符合汉语的习惯,这样我们翻译时将从句后置,把它翻译成跟主句平行的并列句。如:I want a wife who will not trouble me with a wife's duties but a1ways listens to me.(我想要个老婆,她不会以妻子的义务来打搅我,而是始终听命于我。)
非限制性关系分句和它的先行项之间有比较松散的关系。就其意义上来说,在句子中有时相当于二个并列分句,有时在语义上起状语分句的作用,翻译时可将其后置译成并列句,例如:
The sun warms the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow.(太阳温暖了大地,这才使植物有可能生长。)也可以完全脱离主句,译成独立句。如:She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.(她对孩子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样。)
Exercises: Put the following into Chinese:
①It is reported that they he found another star. ②It hens that I he my check-book with me. ③It is likely that he will succeed. ④It is a question that we arrive before l0 o'clock. ⑤She was advised to take the medicine。 ⑥she told me that a big reservoir was being built in her hometown. ⑦I'll never forget the day when l came to the University. ⑧Yesterday I saw a wonderful film, which was about World War II. Key to the exercises:
①据报道,他们又发现了一颗星。 ②碰巧我带着支票簿。 ③很可能他将成功。 ④我们必须十点钟前到达是个问题。 ⑤她被劝告吃药。
⑤她告诉我她的家乡正在建造一个大型水库。
⑦我将永远不会忘记我来这所大学的那一天。
⑧昨晚我看了一部精彩的**,是关于二次世界大战的。
一、句子翻译的类型
初中阶段的句子翻译题主要指"将汉语句子译成英语",其常见的类型有:①根据汉语提示补全句子(每空一词);②根据汉语意思和英语提示词语,写出语法正确的句子(所给的英文必须都用上);③根据所给提示词,将下列各句译成英语;④根据部分汉语提示完成句子等。
二、句子翻译的.技巧
I. 认真审题,确定词义。
审题包括"审"英语、汉语两部分内容。审英语部分时(跳过空格)读一下已经给出的那一部分,然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译的英语;审汉语部分时,了解汉语句子(或所给的汉语部分)所要表达的意思,然后联想一下相关词汇和句型,再考虑时态、词形变化、人称与数的一致性等问题。例如:
这是一辆英国的轿车。
This is _______ _______ car.
分析根据此题所给的汉语句子和英语句子中所留的两个空格可知,本题应填"一辆英国式的",其中包含两个单词,即an/a
English;不过这里又涉及到不定冠词an/a用法,a用于以辅音音素
(音标)开头的单词或字母前,an则用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前。所以本题应填an English。
II. 分析辨别,确定词性。
同学们在做"句子翻译"这种题型时,要切忌一知半解,不要轻易动笔答题。英语中有许多意义相同的词或短语对这些貌似相同实则大相径庭的词、短语的用法,我们就得从分析句子结构入手,认真辨别,仔细分析,判断该词或短语在句中作何成分来定。例如:
1. 他每天骑着自行车去上学。
a. He goes to school ______ ______ every day.
b. He goes to school ______ ______ ______ every day. c. He _____ ______ ______ to school every day.
浏览所给的英汉句子,本题所要填的是"骑自行车"。而"骑自行车"的英文可以是ride a /(one's) bike 或by bike /on the bike。通过分析句子结构,句子a、b需用介词短语作状语,故答案分别为:by bike,on the bike;句子c缺少谓语部分,故用动词短语来表达,因此答案为rides a / his bike。
2.瞧!他们长得很像。
Look! They ___________.
英语中表示"长得很像"可用look like与 look the same表达。但这两个短语在句中所起的作用不同,look like其实表示"A像B"即A look(s) like B;而look the same则表示"A和B看起来是一样的"即A and B look the same。因此,符合本题句子结构的答案应是look the same。
III. 根据空格数,考虑词汇。
解句子翻译题时,有时要求每空一词。故做题时还需要注意词数、有伸缩的词汇和结构,否则多填或少填都是错误的,即使意思符合也不合要求。有些词的缩写可写在一个空格内,如:isn't, let's,what're等;也可将缩略式展开,分写进几个空格,如I'm→I am, there're→there are, no→not a(an)/any 等。例如:
那不是她的字典。
a. That ______ ______ dictionary.
b. That ______ ______ ______ dictionary.
由于题a给出了两个空格,故填isn't her;而题b给出了三个空格,则填is not her。
IV. 灵活运用,切忌呆板。
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