1.英语句子结构分析.

2.英语句式

3.请问英语句子是怎样构成的

4.英语中有哪些句型

5.英语中的句子成分和结构

英语句子的构成及详解_英语句子构成与句式分析

那种句式啊?

英语句型结构

一.简单句:

英语基本句型-1

主系表结构:本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。

系动词有:

1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, ear, look, smell, taste, sound;

2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;

3.表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;

eg: Our English teacher is thirty years old.

The cake tastes delicious.

The potatoes went bad in the fields.

Deep water stays still.

He was at work.

She is in good health.

It is beyond my ability.

I was at a loss.

You are under arrest.

英语基本句型-2

主谓结构:本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。

如:The sun rises.

Tom has already left.

主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。

如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.

2. They had to trel by air or boat.

3. She sat there alone.

4. He came back when we were eating.

5. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake。

英语基本句型-3

主谓宾结构:本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。

如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall.

2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.

3. They hen’t decided where to go next.

4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.

英语基本句型-4

双宾语结构:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如: He brings me cookies every day.

但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。如: He brings cookies to me every day.

She made a beautiful dress for me.

用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。

用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。

常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等;

(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, se, spare等。

英语基本句型-5

复合宾语结构: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语补足语用来补充和说明宾语的性质和特点,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。

如: The sun keeps us warm.

I heard him singing.

They made Tom monitor.

He used to do his homework with his radio on.

My mother asked me to clean my room.

The teacher made all students finish their homework on time.

用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如:

I found it very pleasant to be with your family.

也可以说 I found it was pleasant to be with your family. 它们的区别在于第一个是简单句第二个是复合句,意思都是一样的。

英语基本句型-6

There be 句型: 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。 它其实是全倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等,但一般不用he。如:

There stands a hill in the middle of the park.

Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.

Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如:

现在有 there is/are …

过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…;there is /are going to be...

现在已经有 there has/he been…

可能有 there might be...

肯定有 there must be …/there must he been...

过去曾经有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there hen/hens/hened to be …

Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.

There used to be a cinema here before the war.

二.并列句。

结构:

1.由分号连接。

eg. Some people cry; others laugh.

Let’s start early; we he a long way to go.

2.由并列连词及词组连接-——and/ but /or/ so / however / still/ therefore /yet /while /otherwise /for /both…and…/not only…but also…/as well as/

or else/ either…or…/neither…nor…/not…but…等。

eg: I’d like to, but I he lots of homework to do.

I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.

Both my father and mother are teachers.

It’s very good, yet I don’t like it.

三、复合句

构成:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句和从句都有完整的主谓结构,但主句是全局的主体,从句只是全句中的一个成分,不能独立存在。从句通常是用引导词来引导的,引导词起连接主句和从句的作用。

分类:名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句),形容词性从句(定语从句),副词性从句(状语从句)。

1. 主语从句(Subject Clause)

一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句.

1)常规主语从句,句子在复合句中充当主语

That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.

Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.

Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.

Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.

What caused the accident remains unknown.

Whatever you did is right.

Whose watch was lost is unknown.

What we need is time.

小结:

(1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等

(2)连词位于句首不能省略

(3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三人称单数。

注意:为了防止句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在主语位置,真正主语搁置于句末

It is certain that he will win the match.

It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.

It is strange that he should do that.

It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to he gone to shanghai)

It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.

It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.

It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to he seen the film)

It hened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats hened to be there)

小结:

(1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.

(2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+he done)

2.表语从句

定义:

表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。

The problem is puzzling.

主语 连系动词 形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.

主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.

He has become a teacher.

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

She has remained there for an hour.

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.

His suggestion is good.

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

The question is confusing.

The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

Who will trel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Why he cried yesterday.

How I can persuade her to join us in the party.

注意:

1.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

2.不用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

3.像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will trel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

4.that 在表语从句中不能省掉。

3. 宾语从句

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.

构成:带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有:that(可省略),what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.

He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.

宾语

He told me (that) he would lee Dalian airport at 8pm.

间接宾语 直接宾语

He told me where he was going to trel that summer.

间接宾语 直接宾语

He told that he would go to the college the next year.

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.

Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

I don’t know whom you should depend on.

The book will show you what the best CEOs know.

He you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

Could you please tell me how you read the new book?

None of us knows where these can be bought.

注意:

1.用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .

I feel it a pity that I hen’t been to the get-together.

I he made it a rule that I keep diaries.

We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, he, see to.

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.

He will he it that our plan is really practical.

We take it that you will agree with us.

2.介词的宾语从句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.

3.形容词的宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain,glad,please,hy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

I am sure I will pass the exam.

I am sorry that I he troubled you so long.

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.

4. if,whether在宾语从句中的区别

whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.

在不定式前只能用whether.

I can’t decide whether to stay.

⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.

5.宾语从句的否定转移

动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.

I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?

6.宾语从句的时态和语序

当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.

当主句为过去时的时候,从句用相应的过去时态

I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.

He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.

He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.

The reporter asked if the would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.

如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化

The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.

当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首

Who do you think the public might choose as their forite singer this year?

7.建议 suggest , advise

要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose;

决定 decide;

命令 order、command;

坚决主张 insist;等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)

eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.

He ordered that we should go out at once.

4.同位语从句

一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如:

I heard the news that our team had won.

I had no idea that you were here.

二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,dou,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。如:

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等。(注:if,which 不能引导同位语从句。)如:

l he no idea When he will be back.

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。 如:

Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.

英语句子结构分析.

组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。 Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 一般可分为两类: 1),简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。 2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式 Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。 Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。 4、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。 WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。 Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。 6、状语 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦。

满意请纳

英语句式

第一个问题(请参考下面的结构分析)

主要成分:It reinforces the fantasy among young people它在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果

方式状语(独立主格结构): with faces designed forviewers across the spectrum 以给不同层面的人观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式(增强这种虚幻效果)

?独立主格faces? [即逻辑主语]

?过去分词短语 designed for viewers across the spectrum

第二个问题(以下的看法很不成熟,仅供参考)

It reinforces the fantasy amongyoung people …以及后面部分都用了分号。分号的作用就是表示各句间关系比句号连接的关系更为密切。本句中,从表面上看,各分号间都是名词短语,其实不然,第一句后面的都是为了避免用词重复的省略句,也就是说,整个句子由5个并列句组成。由于没有更多的上下文,可能会有以下两种并列情况(注:young people 是among的宾语,而后面多数名词是单数,不能用作介词among 的宾语,因此不可能是并列关系):

1、与 viewers across the spectrum 并列

It reinforces the fantasy amongyoung people with faces designed for viewers across the spectrum; 它以给不同层面的人观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople with faces designed) [for the next door girl]; 它以给邻居女孩观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople with faces designed) [for the rebellious, sophisticated woman]; 它以给久经世故的叛逆的女人观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople with faces designed) [for the mature gentleman]; 它以给成熟男士观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople with faces designed) [for little-brother faces]. 它以给小弟兄面孔的人观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

2、与 faces designed for viewers across the spectrum 并列(即方式状语的并列)

It reinforces the fantasy amongyoung people with faces designed for viewers across the spectrum; 它以给不同层面的人观瞻而特意化妆面部的方式在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople) [with the next door girl]; 与邻居女孩一起,它在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople) [with the rebellious, sophisticated woman]; 与桀骜不驯且久经世故的女人一起,它在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople) [with the mature gentleman]; 与成熟男士一起,它在在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

(It reinforces the fantasy among youngpeople) [with little-brother faces]. 与小弟兄面孔的人一起。它在年轻人范围内增强这种虚幻效果。

请问英语句子是怎样构成的

简单句和并列句

句子的分类: 根据语气可分为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

根据结构可分为:简单句、并列句和复合句。

简单句是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。

并列句是包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子,句子之间常用并列连词连接。常见的连词有and, but, or, so等。

一、常见的五种基本句型。

1. S+V,主谓,谓语动词一般为不及物动词;

①The bus stopped.

S Vi

② Tom has arrived.

2. S+V+P,主谓(系)表,谓语动词一般为连系动词;

(表语可以是名词,形容词,动词不定式、动名词短语、介词短语或句子等)。

★ 连系动词主要有:be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), feel(感到,摸起来);stay/keep(保持);seem(好像,似乎). turn/get/become/grow(变得); ear(呈现):ear red

①The skirt looks beautiful.

S V P

② she is a student.

③ My dream is to be a teacher.

3.S+V+DO,主谓宾,谓语动词一般为及物动词,如果是不及物动词,后面要

介词再接宾语;

①I like English.

S V DO

②She likes watching TV.

③She wants to go shopping.

④Tom gets to school at 6:00am.

⑤Tom often laughs at me.

⑥Jim is making a kite.

4.S+V+DO+OC,主谓宾补,宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、动词不定式等.

①I find English easy].

S V DO OC

②They keep their eyes [closed].

③She asked me [to go shopping].

④She makes me [laugh].

⑤I wish you [a good holiday]

⑥I find Tom [a clever boy].

⑦I can hear Tom [singing an English song].

5. S+V+IO+DO,主谓双宾,接双宾语的动词有buy, give, show, tell, teach,

offer, provide等。一般物为直接宾语(DO),人为间接宾语(IO)。 (give sb. sth. = give

sth. to sb. ) (buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.)

①She ge me a pen.

S V IO DO

②She buy me a pen.

二.并列句:由并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫作并列句。并列句

与复合句的区别在于并列句在结构上和意义上同等重要;而复合句在结构和意义上

从句为主句服务,是主句的一个成分。

(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…,

as well as等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示平行关系、顺接关系、对照关系、先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

① He likes playing football and he plays well.

② ②Hurry up, and you will catch the early bus.

③as well as是英语中常用的连接词(并列连词),侧重于前项。

The child is lively as well as healthy.

= The child is not only lively but also healthy.

(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or, otherwise, either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

①Now you can he a rest or you can go to the cinema.(or译为:或者)

②Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus. (or译为:否则)

(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but, yet, still ,however, while(而)等,前后分句时态一致。

①It has no mouth, but it can talk.

(前后彼此矛盾,表示转折)

②School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.

(前后彼此矛盾,表示转折)

③He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.

(前后不矛盾,只是表示转折)

(4) 说明原因或理由, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。

He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。

(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。

Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead.

三、反意疑问句:

反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用“yes”或“no”来进行回答。

1) 构成:由两部分组成:前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是疑问句,它是由be ,he, 助动词或情态动词+主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构,反意疑问句须用否定结构;反之,陈述句如果是否定结构,反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分,必须保持人称和时态的一致;反意疑问句的回答有时会和汉语不同。

陈述句部分 附加问句部分 注 意 点

肯定陈述句 否定的简短一般问句 当陈述句部分含有“是”动词、(“有”动词)、情态动词和助动词时,简短问句中沿用该词;否则就使用do/does//did.

否定陈述句 肯定的简短一般问句

如:①He is old, isn’t he? (他老了不是吗?)

②Your father went to Japan, didn’t he? (你爸爸去了日本,不是吗?)

③He isn’t old, is he? (他不老是吗?)

④He seldom plays football, does he? (他很少踢足球,是吗?)

★⑤Tom has been to Japan, hasn’t he?

比较:Tom has to do housework, doesn’t he?

⑥There is little water, is there?

⑦Kate hardly speaks Chinese, does she?

⑧Please open the door, will you?

★(除Let’s外的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you)

⑨Let us go swimming, will you?

⑩Let’s go swimming, shall we?

★(Let’s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用:shall we)

⑽Everyone is here, aren’t they ? (everyone 指人)

⑾Everything is ready, isn’t it? (everything指物)

⑿I don’t think Tom has done that, has he?

(主要看宾语从句:I/we think/believe 引导宾从时否定前移)

⒀She thinks Tom hasn’t done that, doesn’t she? (只要看主句)

2) 反意问句的回答:

无论哪种形式的反意问句,回答时要遵循:“Yes,+肯定式”或者“No,+否定式”

如:① ——The man went away, didn’t he?(那人走开了,不是吗?)

——Yes, he did.(是的,他走了。)/ No, he didn’t.(不,他没有走。)

② ——Tom didn’t go there, did he?(Tom没去那里,是吗?)

——Yes, he did.(不,他去了。)/ No, he didn’t.(是的,他没去。)

四、选择疑问句:提出两种或两种以上情况,需要对方作出选择回答的疑问句叫选择疑问句。

1) 构成:(1) 一般疑问句 + or + 第二选项?

(2) 特殊疑问句 + 第一选项(+ 第二选项)+ or + 第三选项?

2) 选择疑问句的结构与特殊疑问句相同,即要具体回答,不可以用yes / no回答。如:

①Is your friend a boy or a girl? –A girl.

②Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? –Tea, please.

③Which do you like best, singing, dancing or skating? --Dancing, of course.

五、祈使句:祈使句用来表示请求、命令等。它的主语you往往不说出。

▲祈使句的肯定式: 动词(原形) + 其他

如:①Please give me a hand. (请帮忙)

②Shut up! (住嘴!)

▲ 祈使句的否定式:Don’t +动词原形 + 其他

如:①Please don’t talk in low voices. (请不要低声讲话。)

② Don’t look back! (不要掉头看。)

[注意] 以“let’s”引出的祈使句的否定结构,“not”应放在“let’s”后面。

如:③Let’s not trouble him. (我们不要打扰他。)

肯定祈使句前可以用助动词来强调语气。

如:④Please do help me! (请千万帮帮我。)(do起强调作用)

▲注意祈使句在复合句和其它一些情况下看作将来时:

⑤ Please call me when she comes back. (主将从现)

⑥ -----Don’t bring it here tomorrow. ---OK, I won’t.

六、感叹句:感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情。句末常用“!”

1.what感叹名词。对含有形容词的名词短语感叹的结构通常是:

★What + (a /an) + (形容词) +名词+ 陈述句结构(主谓语) ,

⑴感叹可数名词单数。

如:①What a kind girl ||(she is)! (她是多么善良的一个女孩啊!)

②What a tall tree || (it is)! (它是多高的一棵树啊!)

⑵感叹可数名词复数。

如:①What kind girls ||(they are)! (她们是多么善良的女孩啊!)

②What tall trees || (they are)! (它们是多高的树啊!)

⑶感叹不可数名词。

如:①What delicious food || (it is)!

②What bad/good weather || (it is )!

③What good news || (it is) !

④What useful information || (it is) !

⑤What good advice || (it is) !

⑥What hard work ||(it is)!

⑦What great fun || (they had) ! (he fun词组)

◎特例:What a good time || (they are hing) ! (he a good time词组)

★技巧: what引导的感叹句中的形容词后肯定直接有一个名词.

2.how对形容词或副词进行感叹:

★结构通常是:How + 形容词/副词 + 陈述句结构(主谓语) ,

用来强调句子中的形容词、副词或动词。

⑴how感叹形容词时,可以与what 感叹句相互转化。

①How kind || the girl is! (那个女孩多么善良啊!)

②How tall || the tree is ! (那棵树多高啊!)

⑵how感叹副词时,不可以与what 感叹句相互转化。

①How carefully || the old man walks! (这老人走路真小心!)

②How beautifully ||Lily is singing!

▲ 有时,陈述句、祈使句、疑问句、一个词或词组,也带有一定的感彩,也可以成为感叹句,此时未必使用感叹句型。He is sitting on a tiger’s back! (他坐在老虎的背上!) / A nice shot! (漂亮一击!) / Good goal! (好球!)

英语中有哪些句型

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式在不同的时态、语态下,可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子,换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构; S十V十O主谓宾结构; S十V十F主系表结构; S十V十O1+ O2 主谓双宾结构;S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构.说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下:1 .主谓型:S十V句式

在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:

He runs quickly.他跑得快。

They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。

He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。

China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。

The gas has given out.煤气用完了。

My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。2.主谓宾:S十V十O句式

在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如:

I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部**。 He you read the story? 你读过这个故事吗?

They found their home easily. 他们很容易找到他们的家。They built a house last year. 他们去年建了一所房子。They've put up a factory in the village. 他们在村里建了一座工厂。

They he taken good care of the children. 这些孩子他们照看得很好。

You should look after your children well. 你应该好好照看你的孩子。3.主系表:S十V十P句式

在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.)常见的系动词有:(1):be-am/is/are/was/were (我用am你用are,is连着他、她、它);(2):感官动词:sound,look, smell,taste,feel;(3):变得---: get,turn ,become, grow等;(4):其它:go(bad/unpunished); fall (ill/asleep); stand/sit (still),remain(weak). seem,ear,等。例如:

He is older than he looks. 他比看上去要老。

He seems interested in the book. 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

The story sounds interesting. 这个故事听起来有趣。

The desk feels hard. 书桌摸起来很硬。

The cake tastes nice. 饼干尝起来很香。

The flowers smell sweet and nice.花闻起来香甜。

You he grown taller than before.你长得比以前高了。

He has suddenly fallen ill. 他突然病倒了。

He stood quite still. 他静静地站看。

He becomes a teacher when he grew up.他长大后当了教师。

He could never turn traitor to his country.他永远不会背叛他的祖国。注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如:He looked me up and down.他上下打量我。

They are tasting the fish.他们在品尝鱼。

They grow rice in their home town.他们在家乡种水稻。

He's got a chair to sit on.他有椅子坐。

Please turn the sentence into English.请把这个句子译成英语。4.动词加双宾: S十V十O1十O2句式

在此句式中,V是带有双宾语(间接宾语/直接宾语)的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。例如:He ge me(间接宾语)a book(直接宾语)/a book to me.他给我一本书。

He brought me a pen/a pen to me. 他带给我一枝钢笔。

He offered me his seat/his seat to me. 他把座位让给我。注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:

Mother bought me a book/a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。

He got me a chair/a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。

Please do me a for/a for for me. 请帮我一下。He drew a picture for me. 他画张画给我

He asked me a question/a question of me.他问我一个问题。

注意,下边动词只有一种说法:

They robbed the old man of his money. 他们抢了老人的钱。

He's warned me of the danger. 他警告我注意危险。

The doctor has cured him of his disease. 医生治好了他的病。

We must rid the house of the rats. 我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。

5. 宾语补语: S十V十O十C句式

在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词,如: see; hear; hear; he; let; consider; ask; tell; advise等。 常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词;常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,

须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能一概而论,请看下面的例子。They made the girl angry.他们使这个女孩生气了。

They found her hy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。

I found him out.我发现他出去了。

I saw him in.我见他在家。

They saw a footprint in the sand.他们发现沙地上有脚印。

They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名查理。

I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去。

They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。

I heard the glass broken just now.我刚才听到玻璃碎了。

He found the door of study closed to him.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。英语句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句单句结构要牢记,复句注意关、连词关连词分为关系词(关系代词或关系副词:Wh---/how---)和连词(并列连词(and/or/but)和其它连词because/although/as if/so/however/weather/if等。不管英语的复句多长、多复杂,去掉关、连词后,它还是简单句结构!

英语中的句子成分和结构

总结:

英语句式的两大基本句子结构

1. 传统英语语法将句子结构分成五种:主谓结构,主系表结构,主谓宾结构,主谓双宾语结构,主谓复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)结构。为了方便大家记忆和理解,我将这五种结构归纳为基本的两种,其他三种为其两种扩展的结构。

英语句式的两大基本句子结构:

1. 主谓宾 (主语+谓语+宾语)

2. 主系表 (主语+系动词+表语)

>> 主谓宾结构:

* 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),代词主格(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!

* 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.

* 宾语:宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等

* 例:The boy needs a pen.主语the boy,谓语needs(need的第三人称单数形式),宾语a pen.

2). 特殊疑问句

特殊疑问句:以疑问代词或疑问副词开头,提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。

常用的疑问词有:what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,wh等.

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what

2)对名词前定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必须和名词连用。

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping’s coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑问词when;

6)对具体地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。

7)对表原因的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。

>> 何谓主系表结构:所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。

主语+系动词+表语

6?1主语( Subject ):主语是一句话的中心,表示所说的是谁或是什么,其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。例如:

Li Lei is a Chinese boy. ( Li Lei 是名词,作主语。)

He is from England. ( He 是代词,作主语。)

Feeding the birds is my hobby. (“ Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语,作主语。)

What she said is right. (“ What she said ”是从句,作主语。)

6?1 系动词( Link verb ):系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说,将主语和表语联系在一起,并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词有 be , feel , look , sound , taste , smell 等。例如:

This flower is beautiful.

I felt very tired.

You look worried.

It tastes delicious.

6?1表语( Predicative ):表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。表语位于系动词之后,主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词(短语)或动名词(短语)等来充当。例如:

I am fine . ( fine 是形容词,作表语)

He is a boy . ( boy 是名词,作表语)

Five plus two is seven . ( seven 是数词,作表语)

We are here . ( here 是副词,作表语)

He is not at home . (“ at home ”是介词短语,作表语)

My hobby is reading . ( reading 是动名词,作表语)

2.

1) 基本句子结构:主语+谓语(+宾语)

怎样辨别英语句子成分

主语即句子的主体,一般在句首,作主语的词可以是名词、动名词、代词、从句等。谓语是主语的动作行为,作谓语的词是动词,如情态动词、系动词、使役动词等。宾语一般在谓语后,可以是形容词,副词,代词,也可以是一个句子。句子的结构一般是:主语+谓语+宾语,也可以是:主语+谓语(不及物动词)

修饰名词的是定语从句,相当于形容词。修饰整个句子,动词,形容词的是状语从句。 English:怎样辨别英语中 表语 宾语 定语 状语 等结构 收藏

组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语

主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。 He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语

谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 一般可分为两类: 1),简单谓语

由动词(或短语动词)构成。

可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。

We study for the people. 我们为人民学习。 2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式

I can speak a little English. 我可以说一点英语。 3、表语

表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。 My sister is a nurse. 我姐姐是护士。 4、宾语

宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。

We like English. 我们喜欢英语。

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

He ge me some ink. 他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:

We make him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。 5、定语

在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。 He is a new student. 他是个新生。

但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room is mine. 房间里的自行车是我的。

历史老照片不能说的秘密慈禧军阀明末清初晚清

6、状语

修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。

He lives in London. 他住在伦敦。 比如说 i love you.

i 就是主格,表示“我”这个人,及动作或是行为的发出,实施者。 you 即是宾格,表示“你”,是动作或是行为的接受者,表被动状态。 明白了吗

人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语. 打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。

英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如: I, me, my he, him, his they, them,their等。 顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物。

在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。下面是常见的问题:

⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:

*(1)Wilcox spoke to I.

*(2)Her knew what had hened.

但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如: *(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I. *(4)He and her knew what had hened. *(5)This is between you and he.

这种错误是可避免的。第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:"for you and me"和 "between Maria and him"。第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如: (6)This message is for (My father and) I or me. (7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together.

显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的"me", (6)里的代词是主格的"he"。

⒉在比较结构里,连接词"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此: a. You did as well as she. b. You did as well as her. (9)a. I am older than he. b. I am older than him. (a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受。但如果"as"和"than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下: (10)You did as well as she did. (11)I am older than he is .

此外,还有一点要注意,就是"as"和"than"后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同。试比较(a)和(b):

(12)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I. b. Jason praised Maria more highly than me.

(12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B: (13)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I did (= I praised Maria). b. Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me.

显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别。遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来。换句话说,必要的话,要用(13)这句子。 不然,把(13)a变成(14), (13)b变成(15)也可: (14)I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did.

(15)Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria. 一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语: every?, sometimes, at?, on Sunday I lee home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don't want so much.

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 ////////////一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词:come, go, arrive, lee, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train lees at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3)在时间或条件句中。

When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they he a nice time next week.

Make sure that the windows are closed before you lee the room. 主语,动词的实施者,人称代词用主格

谓语,由动词承担

宾语,动词的承受者,人称代词用宾格 表语,修饰名词的形容词 状语,表明时间